针对动态目标振动位移测试问题, 研究垂直光轴双目视觉测试及标定模型, 推导了相机的布阵结构及其与目标位置关系, 建立非接触动态目标振动测试系统。系统通过双面阵CCD 拍摄目标靶振动图像, 根据目标点像素位置信息解算目标点的空间坐标, 再由像素始末位置的变化得出目标靶在X、Y、Z 三个维度的位移变化量。实验结果表明, 测量精度约为0.1 mm, 最大相对误差为1.73%, 满足工程测试要求。测量系统结构紧凑, 测量精度高, 适用性强, 实现了位移测试的智能化及数据分析处理的自动化, 可推广应用于工程测试中测量三维空间中目标的运动参数和空间姿态等领域。

Displacement measurement problem for dynamic target is widely studied. Research the testing and calibration model of the vertical optical axis binocular vision, deduce the lineup structure of the cameras and the positional relationship between the cameras and the target, and then establish non-contact vibration test system of dynamic target. Test system uses double area array CCDs to capture vibration images of the target. System extracts the target pixel position information to calculate the spatial coordinates of the target point, then according to the target pixel position changes in the whole process, to calculate the displacement variation in three dimensions. Experimental results show that the measurement accuracy is about 0.1 mm, and the maximum relative error is 1.73%, meeting the engineering test requirements. Measurement system has the features of compact, high accuracy and applicability, and achieving the purposes of intellectualized test and data analysis process automation. It can be popularly used to measure objectives’ three-dimensional space motion parameters and space gesture in engineering tests area, etc.