中国激光, 2015, 42 (4): 0406003, 网络出版: 2015-04-02   

热处理对激光选区熔化成形316不锈钢组织与拉伸性能的影响

Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Tensile Strength of 316 Stainless Steel by Selective Laser Melting
作者单位
中航工业北京航空制造工程研究所高能束流加工技术重点实验室, 北京 100024
摘要
研究了激光选区熔化成形316 不锈钢沉积态、400 ℃/3 h 退火态、900 ℃/3 h 退火态以及热等静压态(HIP)的组织与拉伸性能。结果表明,沉积态组织主要由呈外延生长的柱状晶组成。沉积态试样经400 ℃/3 h退火后,组织变化不明显,横向和纵向的强度略有提高,纵向延伸率明显提高,横向延伸率有所降低;经900 ℃/3 h 退火后,粗大柱状晶分裂为较为细长的柱状晶,横向和纵向延伸率在强度有所降低的情况下得到了明显提高,拉伸强度与延伸率达到锻件水平;经热等静压后,粗大柱状晶分裂为细小的柱状晶,有等轴化的趋势,横向和纵向的强度有明显的降低,横向延伸率略有升高,纵向延伸率显著提高,拉伸强度与延伸率达到锻件水平;4种状态相比较,900 ℃/3 h退火态的拉伸强度和延伸率匹配度最佳。
Abstract
The organization and tensile properties of as-deposited, 400 ℃/3 h annealing, 900 ℃/3 h annealing state and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) of 316 stainless steel by selective laser melting are studied . The results show that the deposited organization is mainly composed of columnar crystals grown epitaxially. The organization of the asdeposited sample after 400 ℃/3 h annealing doesn′t change significantly, the transverse and longitudinal strength increase slightly and the longitudinal elongation improves significantly; the coarse columnar crystals after 900 ℃/3 h annealing split into more slender columnar crystals. In the case of strength reducing, the transverse and longitudinal elongation improve significantly and the tensile strength and elongation attain the forging level; after HIP, the coarse columnar crystals split into small columnar crystals and tend to equiaxial. The lateral and longitudinal strength decrease significantly, while the lateral and longitudinal elongation increase, the tensile strength and elongation attain the forging level. By comparing of the four states, the tensile strength and elongation after 900 ℃/3 h anneal match the best.

丁利, 李怀学, 王玉岱, 黄志涛. 热处理对激光选区熔化成形316不锈钢组织与拉伸性能的影响[J]. 中国激光, 2015, 42(4): 0406003. Ding Li, Li Huaixue, Wang Yudai, Huang Zhitao. Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Tensile Strength of 316 Stainless Steel by Selective Laser Melting[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2015, 42(4): 0406003.

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