为了研究同步移相干涉仪中延迟阵列的移相特性，采用琼斯矢量和琼斯矩阵作为偏振光和偏振光传递的参量和模型，分析推导了延迟阵列的移相量与快轴方位角误差之间的传递关系，给出了误差传递函数公式，在没有精确校准延迟阵列快轴方位角的情况下，搭建了基于延迟阵列移相的测量装置，利用该装置和Zygo GPI XP 型干涉仪测量同一块球面镜，测量波面均方根值相差0.003λ，峰谷值相差0.033λ。讨论了延迟阵列方位角误差容限和延迟量误差、偏振片透光轴方位角误差对测量结果的影响。

To study the phase- shifting characteristic of retarder array in simultaneous phase- shifting interferometry, the relationship between phase shift and fast-axis azimuth error is deduced through Jones vector and Jones matrix, and the error propagation formula is given. A spherical mirror is measured by simultaneous phaseshifting interferometer based on retarder array without calibrating fast-axis azimuth accurately and Zygo GPI XP interferometer, the difference of root-mean-square and peak-to-valley are 0.003l and 0.033l respectively. The influence of azimuth error tolerance and phase shift error of retarder array and optical axis azimuth error of polarizer is discussed.