南酸枣作为一种分布广泛的药食同源植物,其营养活性成分的研究日益受到关注,然而关于其矿质元素的分布与体外释放情况的研究未见报道.采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定了南酸枣皮、枣肉及其水提物、胃消化物中九种矿质元素含量.结果发现:枣肉中Fe,Ca,Zn,Mn,Al,Mg,Cu,K和P的含量分别为27.37,269.88,1.51,2.45,1.95,195.30,2.45,2970.11,133.94 μg·g-1,低于枣皮中的含量,分别为枣皮含量的40.31%,11.70%,21.68%,4.27%,10.58%,15.76%,68.72%,42.04%,22.59%.南酸枣肉微波辅助水提物中Mn的释放率最高(81.68%),Fe最低(4.42%);而枣皮中Zn的释放率最高(79.00%),Al最低(4.94%),除Fe,Zn和Cu外,南酸枣肉中其他各元素的释放率均显著高于枣皮.在模拟胃部消化后,南酸枣肉中矿质元素的释放率在3.25%～87.51%之间;枣皮中释放率在7.11%～50.69%之间,除Fe和Cu外,南酸枣肉各元素的释放率均显著高于枣皮.微波辅助提取更有助于南酸枣肉中Fe,Ca,Mn,Mg,K的释放,其释放率高于胃液消化.而胃液消化过程对枣皮的影响更显著,除Zn外,其他元素释放率均高于微波辅助水提.该实验结果明确了南酸枣肉及枣皮中矿质元素分布与释放的差异,为进一步研究南酸枣中矿质元素的人体吸收利用提供积极的指导作用。

Nine elements in Choerospondias axillaris flesh,peels,aqueous extractives and gastric digesta were determined by the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) in the present study.The results showed that the contents of Fe,Ca,Zn,Mn,Al,Mg,Cu,K and P in the flesh were 27.37,269.88,1.51,2.45,1.95,195.30,2.45,2 970.11,and 133.94 μg·g-1,respectively.They are lower than that in the peels,about 40.31%,11.70%,21.68%,4.27%,10.58%,15.76%,68.72%,42.04%,and 22.59%,respectively.For microwave assistant extraction,the release rate of Mn was highest (81.68%),while Fe was lowest (4.42%) in the flesh.The release rate of Zn was the highest (79.00%),while that of Al was the lowest (4.94%) in the peels.Except Fe,Cu and Zn,the release rates of the other elements in flesh were higher than those in the peels.After gastric digestion,the release rates of nine elements were 3.25%~87.51% in the flesh and 7.11%~50.69% in the peels.The release rates of minerals in the flesh were found to be higher than those in the peels except Fe and Cu.Microwave assistant extraction can more efficiently release Fe,Ca,Mn,Mg and K from the flesh than the gastric digestion do.While gastric digestion had a significant effect on the peels,the release rates of elements,except Zn,were higher than those in microwave assistant extraction.Therefore,the difference of distribution and release of mineral elements between peels and flesh of Choerospondias axillaris was understood,which will provide a positive guide for further study of bioavailability of minerals for human body.