望远镜等光学系统常常受到大气湍流以及内部像差扰动的影响，常规自适应光学系统被证明是消除外部大气湍流引起的像差的有效手段，然而当存在大幅度的内部像差扰动时，问题变得复杂。提出了一种嵌套双自适应光学系统结构，用内部独立嵌套自适应光学系统校正内部像差扰动，用常规自适应光学系统主要校正外部大气湍流扰动。进一步分析对比了它与常规自适应光学系统的校正能力，数值仿真了当同时存在上述两种像差时二者的校正效果。结果表明，合理设计嵌套双自适应光学系统的工作条件可使得在大多数情形下其校正效果优于常规单自适应光学系统，尤其在内部像差扰动相对较大时更加显著。

Optical systems like telescopes are constantly affected by atmospheric turbulence and internal aberration disturbance. Conventional adaptive optics systems (AOS) are proved to be an effective way to eliminate external aberrations caused by atmospheric turbulence, however, when internal aberrations with high amplitude emerge, the problem becomes complicated. The double overlap AOS structure presented exploits an independent inner channel AOS to correct internal aberration disturbance, and an outer channel AOS mainly external to atmospheric turbulence. Furthermore, the correction abilities of this structure and conventional AOS are analyzed and compared. In addition, their correction performances under the situation where two aforementioned type aberrations simultaneously exist are numerically simulated. Results show that reasonably designed operating conditions of double overlap AOS make the performance better than conventional AOS, especially when internal aberrations become relatively stronger.