对不同抽运方式下光子晶体光纤飞秒脉冲放大器中的脉冲演变过程进行了数值模拟和实验验证。在数值模拟上，采用了速率方程和非线性薛定谔方程相结合的理论模型；该模型考虑到端面抽运引起光纤中的非均匀增益分布、群速度色散和自相位调制三者之间的相互作用。模拟结果表明，相比于前向抽运放大方式，采用背向抽运放大方式不仅输出功率高，而且放大脉冲具有更窄的时域和光谱宽度，即较小的时间带宽积和更少的非线性积累。在验证实验上，搭建了基于前向和背向抽运方式的光子晶体光纤飞秒激光放大器；获得的实验结果与数值模拟结论一致，并对放大脉冲演变过程的物理机制进行了讨论。

Numerical simulation results and experimental verification on the pulse evolution process in a photonics crystal fiber (PCF) femtosecond laser amplifier with different pump schemes are reported. A model combining rate equations with nonlinear Schrodinger equation, which considers the interaction among non-uniform gain distribution, group velocity dispersion and self-phase modulation within the fiber, is adopted. Compared with the amplification by forward pump scheme, the simulation results show that the amplified femtosecond pulse by backward pump scheme has not only a higher output power but also a narrower pulse duration and spectral width, i.e. a smaller time-bandwidth-product and less nonlinear accumulation. For the verification test, a photonic crystal fiber femtosecond laser amplifier with the two pump schemes is built. The experiment results are consistent with the numerical simulation, and the physical mechanism of amplified pulse evolution dynamics is discussed.