提出了一种新型的温度实时补偿的高精度光纤光栅压力传感器。传感器基于弹性膜片结构，测压光栅直接与膜片连接，膜片在压力作用下产生轴向位移来拉动测压光栅以实现压力传感；温补光栅与弹性膜片分离，使之对外界压力不敏感，用以作测压光栅的温度补偿。测压光栅和温补光栅都施加一定大小的预拉力，使其对环境的温度响应基本相同，从而实现了温度实时补偿。传感器测压光栅与弹性膜片直接连接，消除了力的中间传递，在实现压力快速响应的同时又确保了高精度测量。实验中，传感器在温度快速变化的环境中，压力测量值的变化范围小于±0.7%F.S.；在25 MPa的压力测量范围内，压力精度达到了0.19%F.S.。

A novel high precision fiber Bragg grating (FBG) pressure sensor is proposed. The sensor is based on the structure of elastic diaphragm. The pressure sensing FBG (PS FBG) is connected directly to the diaphragm. Axial displacement occurs under pressure and compresses the PS FBG to realize pressure measurement. The temperature compensating FBG (TC FBG) departs form the diaphragm. So it is insensitive to external pressure. Both FBGs are applied with certain pretensions. Therefore, their response to environmental temperature is nearly the same. Accordingly, real-time temperature compensation can be realized. Without strain delivery among structures, the proposed sensor responses to external pressure immediately and ensures a high precision measurement. In the experiment, the pressure measurement fluctuation of the sensor is less than ±0.7%F.S. during temperature variation. The pressure precision reaches 0.19%F.S. in the rage of 25 MPa.