概述了光纤中受激布里渊散射(SBS)和基于布里渊处理(BP)的微波光子学(MWP)系统的原理。基于布里渊选择放大(BSA)和布里渊选择抑制(BSS)，深入分析了BP 在光学产生微波信号、微波信号的光学上/下变频及倍频、MWP 复值系数与单响应滤波和MWP 相移等系统中的应用，研究了BP 在改善光载无线通信(RoF)系统链路性能中的应用。讨论了这些BP 应用系统的优势和不足，提出了改进方案，展望了BP 在MWP 和集成微波光子学(IMWP)中的发展趋势和应用前景。

Principles of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and microwave photonics(MWP) system based on Brillouin processing (BP) in optical fiber are summarized. Based on Brillouin-selective amplification (BSA) and Brillouin-selective suppression (BSS), some applications of BP are deeply analyzed, such as optical generation of microwave signals, photonic frequency upconversion/downconversion and frequency multiplication of microwave signals, MWP complex-valued coefficients and single response filter, MWP phase shifter, and link performance improvement in radio-over-fiber (RoF) system. Advantages and disadvantages of BP in these applications are discussed, and some potential improvement projects are presented. Development trends and application prospects of BP in MWP and integrated microwave photonics (IMWP) are discussed.