提出了一种以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)胶束溶液为溶剂增溶、 增敏、 增稳石油类物质的新方法。 研究了石油类物质的荧光强度随SDS胶束溶液浓度的变化规律, 确定了其溶剂SDS胶束溶液的最佳浓度为0.1 mol·L-1。 使用FLS920荧光光谱仪测量得到不同稀释浓度的汽油、 柴油、 煤油SDS胶束溶液的三维荧光光谱矩阵(EEMs), 分析了瑞利(Rayleigh)散射、 拉曼(Raman)散射以及仪器光谱特性对测量光谱的影响, 经过光谱校正, 建立了三种油的SDS胶束溶液在激发波长为250～400 nm、 发射波长为260～500 nm范围内的三维荧光光谱图, 并确定了在一定浓度范围内荧光强度与浓度具有良好的线性关系。 在相同条件下, 用同样的方法配制各种浓度汽油、 柴油、 煤油水溶液作对比, 验证了SDS胶束溶液作为石油类物质的溶剂可以使水中石油类物质的溶解度增加、 荧光强度增大、 稳定性更好, 实现了石油类物质可以不依赖于某些有毒溶剂萃取, 又解决了其水中溶解度低不宜定量的问题。

A new method of solubilizing, sensitizing and stabilizing petroleum substances by using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micellar solution as solvent was proposed. The variation relationship between fluorescence intensity of petroleum substances and SDS micellar solution concentration was studied, and the optimum concentration of SDS micelle solution as solvent was determined with 0.1 mol·L-1. Gasoline, diesel and kerosene SDS micellar solution of different diluted concentration were measured using FLS920 fluorescence spectrometer and fluorescence excitation-emission matrixes (EEMs) were obtained. After analyzing Rayleigh scattering, Raman scattering and instrument characteristics influence on measured spectrum, three-dimensional fluorescence spectra of three kinds of oil samples with excitation wavelength ranging from 250 to 400 nm and emission wavelength from 260 to 500 nm were established by spectral correction. The linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and concentration in certain concentration range was determined. By comparison with the spectra of gasoline, diesel, kerosene aqueous solution with the various concentrations under the same conditions and preparation method, the solubility and fluorescence intensity of petroleum pollutant in water was increased, and better stability was obtained. The measurement of petroleum substances without relying on some toxic solvent extraction was not only achieved, but its low solubility in water and difficult quantitative problems were solved.