气泡是古代瓷釉中最常见的一种现象,气泡的大小与分布与胎体和釉层的配方及制作工艺密切相关.气泡表征对研究陶瓷的制作工艺、产地和时代特征等具有重要的意义.为了探讨利用光学相干层析成像技术(OCT)表征古代瓷釉中气泡及其分布特征的可行性,实验采用扫频OCT成像系统对五件不同类型的瓷釉样品进行了测试.根据实验所获得的透明釉层及胎釉结合部位的二维断面图像和三维层析图像,分别进行了瓷釉气泡二维断面和三维切片的特征研究,综合分析了釉层中的气泡特征及其可能产生的原因,认为釉层中的气泡主要是由于胎体中的气体在烧制过程中向釉层溢出所致;同时基于像素点计算了气泡的大小,并与传统光学显微镜观测到的结果进行了比较;实验还针对不透明釉层中的气泡进行了大小计算、二维断面及三维切片的特征研究.实验结果表明,不同类型的古代瓷釉釉层中的气泡特征差异明显;基于像素点计算的气泡大小与传统光学显微镜测试的结果吻合,近胎釉结合面的胎体切片能很好的反映瓷釉的气泡特征.本研究提出并验证了利用OCT技术表征瓷釉气泡特征的可行性与有效性,实现了釉层气泡特征的无损检测,特别是对不透明釉层气泡的分析,克服了以往利用传统显微镜技术对釉层气泡分布研究的局限,为古代陶瓷瓷釉的气泡特征分析提供了一种新型的、可靠的分析手段.

The bubble is one of the most common feature in ancient glaze.The size and distribution of bubbles are closely associated with recipes of the raw materials for the body and glaze and the making process.To characterize the bubbles is essential for the study of ceramic production process,production places,times characteristics and so on.In order to explore the possibility of using the optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging technology to characterize the bubbles and the bubble distribution characteristic in glaze of ancient porcelain,sweep frequency OCT imaging system is used to detect five different types ancient porcelain chips.According to the two dimensional sectional images and three dimensional tomographic images of the transparent layer of glaze obtained by the OCT imaging system,the two dimensional sectional images characteristics and three dimensional slices characteristics of the bubbles in glaze are studied.The bubble characteristics in the glaze and its possible causes that gases in the body of the ceramic overflow to the glaze layer in the firing process are comprehensively analyzed.Meantime,the size of bubble is calculated according to the two dimensional sectional images based on pixel,and the result is compared with the traditional microscopic test result.The bubble size,two dimensional sectional characteristics and three dimensional tomographic image characteristics of opaque glaze are also studied.Experimental results show that the bubble characteristics in glaze of different ancient porcelain chips are obvious difference,the result of the bubble size calculated based on pixel coincides with the result of the bubble size observed by traditional microscope with ten times magnification,slices of the body near the body-glaze binding region based on OCT imaging technology three dimensional tomography can effectively reflect the bubble characteristics in glaze.The measurement of using OCT imaging technology to characterize bubble characteristics of the glaze is proposed,and the feasibility and the validity of the measurement are certified,and the nondestructive detection of bubble characteristics in ancient porcelain glaze is realized.Especially for the analysis of bubble characteristics of opaque glaze,the OCT imaging technology overcomes the limitations of using the traditional microscope technology to study the distribution of bubble in glaze in the past,and provides a novel,reliable analysis method for the analysis of ceramic glaze bubble characteristics.