根据一种过盈联接精密微小组件的装配要求, 研制了一套精密微小组件自动压装仪器。通过分析压装过程中压装力与系统弹性变形的变化关系, 对组件的压装位移进行了有效补偿。采用具有上下视野的机器视觉装置测量压装组件的相对位置, 并采用XY位移平台对组件进行精确对准。提出了对具有上下视野的机器视觉装置的标定方法; 分析了组件压装力与压装位移的关系, 得出了压装力-位移曲线的预测值。对随机抽取的5套零件进行了装配实验, 结果表明: 对组件进行精密对准后, 组件压装位移-压装力曲线符合预测值; 组件装配后相对位置的距离偏差小于±5 μm, 垂直度偏差小于10 μm。实验表明组件装配精度达到了设计指标要求。

According to the assembling demands of precise small parts with interference fitting, a precision pressing-fitting instrument for assembling small parts was developed. Through analyzing the relation of pressing-fitting force and the instruments elastic deformation in pressing-fitting process, the parts pressing-fitting displacement was compensated to increase assembly accuracy. A kind of machine vision device with upper and lower vision fields was used to detect relative situation of parts, and a XY displacement platform was used to align the positions of the parts. A calibration method of the machine vision device was proposed. The relation between pressing-fitting force and pressing-fitting displacement was analyzed, and the predicted values of force and displacement were proposed to judge the assembly rationality. Five kinds of parts obtained randomly was assembled. The experimental results show that pressing displacement-pressing force curve is consistent with the predicted values. The parts relative position deviation is less than ±5 μm, and vertical deviation is less than 10 μm, which meets the requirements of the assembly accuracy index.