针对圆柱物体的外观视觉检测设计了一种360°全景成像装置，通过单视点约束计算确定镜面形状，根据相机景深、分辨率、视场角等约束条件设计了镜面参数，对于特定圆柱体尺寸，获得满足相机景深的约束，系统分辨率达到相机原分辨率80%以上的最优镜面参数。利用光学设计软件对全景成像装置进行仿真，根据光学成像质量评价标准，通过对比确定全景成像装置最优方案。利用基于标定的系统化方法展开全景图像，获得透视投影全景图。设计的全景成像装置系统结构简单、成本低、成像质量高、畸变小，克服了传统的圆柱物体侧面360°成像硬件装置复杂、价格昂贵的缺点，为机器视觉提供了一种柱状物体侧面360°度全景成像的装置和镜面设计方法。

A new 360° panoramic imaging device is designed for cylindrical object inspection application. Through single viewpoint constraint, the shape of the reflective mirror is determined. According to the depth of field, resolution, field of view, etc. the parameters of the mirror are calculated. For a particular cylinder size, the optimum mirror satisfies the camera depth of field constraints and the system resolution reaches 80% of the original camera resolution. The device is simulated by optical design software to determine the optimal parameters according to the evaluation criterion of image quality. The captured image from the proposed device is unwrapped through a systematic calibration method to obtain the perspective projection panoramas. The designed reflectance mirror is simple, low cost, low distortion and high imaging quality. The proposed 360° panoramic imaging mirror design method and corresponding device overcomes the traditional cylindrical object imaging hardware equipment complex, expensive shortcomings, and provides a design method for machine vision.