介绍了中国计量科学研究院基于控制环境辐射的黑体辐射源发射率测量原理、方法和装置的研究进展。基于普朗克黑体辐射理论，建立了控制环境辐射的黑体辐射源发射率测量方法的理论模型，并且搭建该测量装置，研究了该方法测量黑体辐射源发射率的结果和影响因素。利用该系统测得的黑体辐射源发射率测量的结果与理论模拟的结果高度吻合，测量重复性(标准偏差)达到0.07%。实验结果表明该方法在测量黑体发射率时不受热辐射环温度重复性的影响，当热辐射环温度与被测黑体温度的差异足够大时，热辐射环温度的变化对黑体发射率测量结果的影响可以满足应用的需求。该方法具备热红外遥感载荷在轨定标黑体的发射率测量的应用潜力，为我国红外遥感在轨定标系统定量化水平的提高提供重要技术基础。

The progress of the blackbody source emissivity measurement based on the controlling surrounding radiation is presented, including the principle, method and equipment. The theoretical model is established according to the Planck′s radiation law. The equipment is set up, and the blackbody emissivity results are analyzed and factors affecting the results are discussed. The measurement results of blackbody emissivity agree well with the theoretical modeling result, and the standard deviation of measurement results achieves 0.07%. It is shown that the temperature repetitiveness of the heated halo has little influence on the emissivity results by the proposed method. Similarly, the change of heated halo temperature has little effect on the results when the difference in temperature between heated halo and blackbody is large enough. The proposed method has potential applications in the blackbody emissivity measurement during the thermal infrared remote sensing facility on orbit. It also set an important base to raise the level of infrared remote sensing calibration on board.