秸秆焚烧残留物(生物质炭,biochar)因其特殊的结构特征,对土壤的碳固定及其污染物的迁移转化行为产生重要的影响.本文利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)等一系列定性定量分析方法研究了田间不同焚烧强度下产生的稻杆残留物的基本理化性质及结构特征.结果表明:田间秸秆焚烧残留物的基本理化特征与焚烧强度密切相关.焚烧强度越高,TOC含量越低,但所产生残留物中碳原子的有序度增加,其中的脂肪性成分逐渐减少而芳香性则逐渐增加.此外,有机组分对田间秸秆焚烧残留物比表面积的贡献较为显著。

Because of their special structural characteristics,straw burning residues(biochar) have important impacts on the soil carbon sequestration and the transport and transformation behavior of pollutants.In this paper,a series of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods such as scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) have been used to study the basic physical and chemical properties and structural features of rice straw burning residues generating at different incineration intensity in field.The results show that:the basic physical and chemical properties of straw burning residues from field were closely associated with the burning intensity.The higher the burning intensity,the lower the TOC content.Meanwhile,the order degree of carbon atoms in the resulting residue increased.Wherein the fatty component of rice straw burning residues is gradually reduced with the burning intensity while the aromaticity of rice straw burning residues is gradually increased.In addition,the organic components in the straw burning residues from field have more significant contribution to the surface area.