运用ANSYS有限元软件对激光熔覆316L不锈钢的温度场进行了数值计算，利用建立的三维模型，分析激光熔覆过程中温度场分布情况和熔池节点温度梯度的变化规律及扫描路径对温度场的影响。结果表明，熔池的前端和重熔区的等温线比较密集，热量比较集中，该区域为裂纹的敏感区。短边扫描比长边扫描更有利于降低节点的温度梯度，进而抑制裂纹产生，同时也更有利于熔覆层与基体的结合和激光熔覆的持续进行。

The temperature field in 316L stainless steel subjected to laser cladding is analyzed by ANSYS software. Based on the three-dimensional physical model, a study is made to analyze the temperature field distribution, the variation of the temperature gradient of the nodes irradiated by the laser beam and the effect of different scanning paths of laser beam on temperature field in the laser cladding process. Results show that the temperature contours and the heat are intensive and concentrated respectively in the front of melt pool and the regions of the clad overlapping, where cracks are easy to form. In addition, the temperature gradients of the nodes irradiated by the laser beam in the short scanning path are lower than that in the long scanning path. Moreover, compared to the long scanning path, the short scanning path is more conducive to the combination of cladding layer and the substrate and the continuity of laser cladding.