提出一种利用532 nm 波长激光作为光源，通过后向散射荧光光谱图，识别石油和润滑油的方法。对光谱图进行分析，发现主激光散射强度和荧光强度的比例与油品的种类和入射角有明显的依赖关系。为了强化油品种类特征，分别将45°和60°照射的光谱数据融合在一个二维谱图中，并根据应用需求确定出判别区域。实验结果显示，这种方法用于鉴别润滑油和石油，正确鉴别的概率高达92%，是一种具有很好应用价值的鉴别方法。

A back-scattering fluorescence spectrum technique for recognition of petroleum and lubricant is developed by use of 532 nm exciting wavelength laser. It is shown that the ratio of back-scattering fluorescence intensity to the scattered main laser intensity depends strongly on the oil type and the incident angle. To enhance the feature of oil type, the ratio data of 45° and 60° incidence are fused in a 2D spectrum. Then the 2D spectrum is divided into two areas, the oil type can be determined according to which area the measured ratio data lie in. The experimental results show that the correct identification probability can be as high as 92%. It is expected that the proposed method can be a useful technique for oil type recognition.