针对丁腈橡胶阻尼材料的打孔问题，采用波长为1064 nm的纳秒激光器进行了相关实验，观察了激光作用下橡胶材料呈现的特殊状态，并着重讨论了不同脉宽条件下，其状态的变化规律。结果表明由于热量的作用以及空气中氧的侵蚀，孔壁处出现了如蜂窝状的烧蚀状态；在热影响区内，橡胶材料中的氧扩散速度升高，橡胶氧化反应加剧，导致该区域内的橡胶发生了氧化变性。当采用脉宽较短的激光进行打孔时，由于瞬时高温所产生的冲击波更强、时间能量密度更高等因素，所得到的孔径、深度都更大；当激光脉冲宽度较长时，激光能量在孔壁附近的累积更严重，其烧蚀的程度较严重。为减轻因烧蚀、老化等造成橡胶性能下降的问题，应尽量选择脉宽较短的激光参数，同时可考虑采用外部冷却、保护气体等手段，尽可能减小打孔时产生的热影响区。

In order to drill hole on the damping materials of nitrile butadiene rubber, a 1064 nm nanosecond laser is used for relevant experiments. Special state of rubber material in this process is observed, and the changing law of its state under the conditions of different pulse width is investigated and analyzed. The results show that honeycomb ablation state appears on the inside of the hole due to the effect of heat and oxygen erosion in the air. And as a result, the increasing velocity of oxygen diffusing into rubber material, oxidation reaction of the rubber in heat affected zone is aggravated, and oxidative denaturation of rubber is occurred. The diameter and depth of the hole that drilled by laser with shorter pulse width are larger, owing to more powerful shock wave generated by instantaneous higher temperature and higher energy density with time. Under the condition of drilling hole with longer laser pulse width, the energy of laser can be accumulated on the inside of the hole. Ablation of rubber in this area is more serious. For the sake of reducing the influence on the performance of rubber by ablation and aging, pulse width of laser should be as short as possible. At the same time, some auxiliary measures should also be adopted to decrease the area of heat affected zone, such as external cooling, injecting protective gas, and so on.