在光学设计阶段，公差的分配直接影响着镜头加工的成本以及镜头的实际成像效果，因此在设计过程中考虑现有工艺基础，对镜头的公差灵敏度加以控制是设计过程中的一个重要环节。根据镜头几何像差理论，结合Zemax软件设计了一款大孔径高清工业短焦镜头。通过软件公差分析算法可知，镜头后组公差灵敏度过高。通过编写的特殊光线追迹程序，分析得出光学系统中敏感面产生公差较为严格的原因。针对孔径角和高级像差变化的关系，提出了设置最优化光线孔径角的方法，有效地控制了公差的灵敏度。

In the optical design stage, tolerance sensitivity control is undoubtedly a very important link. It determines the processing cost of the lens, and the imaging quality of the final product. Based on the geometric aberrations theory, a large-aperture industrial lens is designed by Zemax. The tolerance analysis shows that some surfaces of the behind group have very high tolerance sensitivity. By writing a special ray tracing program, the reason of why the tolerance of optical system is sensitive have been found. In order to reduce tolerance sensitivity, the method of optimization aperture angle is put forward. According to the relationship between senior aberration and aperture angle, the optimized value of aperture angle is found. The results show that this method can effectively control the tolerance sensitivity.