针对大气湍流对激光通信中对信标光的捕获、跟踪与对准(ATP)的影响, 提出了基于盲解卷积的快速复原与实时检测算法。采用一维点扩散函数重新构造方位退化模型, 取代了原有经典二维退化模型; 改进了约束共轭梯度算法中的约束算子, 并通过改进的共轭梯度迭代算法求得对原始图像的估计; 最后通过连通域计算提取估计结果中的光斑中心位置。采用现场可编程门阵列和数字信号处理器实现所提出的共轭梯度算法并提取光斑中心位置, 满足了系统实时性要求。实验表明, 所提出的快速复原算法能够实时复原分辨率为200 pixel×200 piexl,帧频为100 Hz的光斑图像, 所提取的信标光光斑中心位置与事后计算结果的误差小于1 pixel, 能够满足激光通信系统对信标光的实时跟踪要求。

For the effects of atmospheric turbulence on Acquisition, Tracking and Pointing (ATP) of the beacon in laser communication, a rapid restoration and real-time detection algorithm based on blind deconvolution was proposed. A local degradation model was proposed based on one dimensional Point Spread Function (PSF) instead of the normal two dimensional model.Then the constraint operator of the classic constrained conjugate gradient algorithm was improved, and the original image was estimated by the improved conjugate gradient iterative algorithm. Finally, the centroid of the beacon was calculated from the estimation image by connected component analysis. To meet the real-time requirement, a Field Programming Gate Array( FPGA) and Digital Signal Processors(DSPs) were used to realize the proposed algorithm and to extract the central position of a spot . Experimental results indicate that the real-time restoration on the image with 200×200 pixels and 100 Hz frame rate have been obtained by the proposed algorithm. The error between the real-time result and the after one calculation is less than 1 pixel, which meets the requirements of the laser communication system for real-time tracking on the beacon.