分析干旱地区近地面8.0 m高度处的温度、湿度、折射率结构常数、大气压强和能见度等参数的每月日变化情况,获取大气消光系数与大气湍流的可能变化特征,在此基础上,讨论波长为1.06 μm的激光在大气环境条件下传输距离为1 000 m和3 000 m的可能传输效果.结果表明：消光系数日变化起伏不大,各月的消光系数以冬季1月为最大,夏季7月最小,二者相差可达2倍,1 000 m的平均透过率约是3 000 m的1.16倍;冬季1月是湍流强度最弱的月份,春季4月和秋季10月是湍流较强的月份,3 000 m收到的湍流平均影响程度约是1 000 m的1.95倍;从传输总体效果上来看夏季7月的21时左右传输效果最佳,不同传输距离的能量分布特性也不同.

By analyzing the diurnal variations in monthly variation on temperature,humidity,refactive index structure parameter,pressure and visibility at the hight of 8.0 m above ground in surface layer in arid area,the probabilistic characteristics of atmospheric extinction and atmospheric turbulence were obtained. Based on the analyzed data,the possible effecs on a special case of laser propagation in arid area are discussed under the condition that the laser wavelength is 1.06 μm and the propagation length are 1 000 m and 3 000 m respectively. The results show that the extinction coefficient of diurnal variation change little ups and downs. The extinction coefficient of each month in January during winter is the largest,the extinction coefficient in July during summer is the smallest,and the difference of the two is about twice. The average transmittance of 1 000 m is about 1.16 times that of 3 000 m. The turbulence strength in January is the weakest month,and April in spring and October in autumn have stronger turbulence strength. The average turbulent influence of 3 000 m is about 1.95 times that of 1 000 m. The best propagation effect is the best at 21∶00 in July of summer. The mean intensity distribution of different propagation distance have different probability density.