光电编码器是以高精度计量光栅为检测元件的高精度数字化测角设备, 在当代自动化领域应用广泛。为深入研究光电编码器故障诊断方法, 提高诊断效率, 本文首先介绍了光电编码器分类、工作原理; 其次, 介绍了国内外光电编码器故障诊断关键技术现状, 对具有代表性的故障诊断技术进行了分析与比较, 总结了各诊断方法的优缺点; 最后, 对光电编码器诊断技术进行了展望, 揭示了其诊断方法向自动化、便携化、动态检测、多技术融合和故障预测方向发展的趋势。

Photoelectric encoder is a kind of numerical high-precision angle-measuring device, which is grandly applied in modern automation system. In order to do in-depth research and improve detection efficiency in photoelectric encoder fault diagnosis, the classification and operating principle of photoelectric encoder are introduced firstly in this paper. Moreover, current developing situation for encoder fault diagnosis method at home and abroad is presented and typical encoder fault diagnosis methods are compared. The advantages and disadvantages of each fault diagnosis technology are summaried. Finally, the trend of automation, portability, dynamic detection, multi-technology fusion and fault prediction in photoelectric encoder is proposed.