阐述了近紫外探测系统工作原理，在此基础上建立了基于探测器信噪比分析的近紫外作用距离模型，并详细分析了近紫外谱段目标、背景辐射特性及大气传输对探测距离的影响。以实验室现有近紫外探测器为例针对所建模型进行系统作用距离研究，最终得到不同积分时间下该探测系统的作用距离。上述方法可用于实现对近紫外探测系统作用距离的预判，为近紫外探测技术的发展与深入研究提供参考。

Since the detection range is one of the core indexes for practical application of near ultraviolet detection system, the study of detection range has great practical significance. This paper expounds the principle of near ultraviolet detection system and builds the near ultraviolet detecting range model based on the signal to noise ratio(SNR) analysis of photoelectric detection system. In addition, it analyzes some effects on detection range in detail, including the radiation characteristics in the near ultraviolet spectrum and atmospheric transmittance. Finally, it gives an example using the existing near ultraviolet detector in lab in studying the detection range based on the established model. The study can provide effective theoretical guidance for the development and deep research in the field of near ultraviolet detection technology.