强激光与粒子束, 2015, 27 (11): 112011, 网络出版: 2015-11-30  

溶剂对块体La基气凝胶性能的影响

Influence of solvents on the properties of monolithic La-based aerogels
作者单位
1 赣南师范学院 物理与电子信息学院, 江西 赣州 341000
2 同济大学 上海市特殊人工微结构材料与技术重点实验室, 上海 200092
摘要
采用溶胶-凝胶工艺,以氯化镧(LaCl3·7H2O)为前驱体,以甲醇和乙醇为溶剂,聚丙烯酸为分散剂,环氧丙烷为凝胶促进剂,分别合成两种性能不同的稀土La基气凝胶。采用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪、比表面积与孔径分析仪、力学性能测试仪对不同溶剂制备的两种稀土La基气凝胶的微观结构、成分、比表面积、孔径分布和力学性能进行了研究表征。结果表明,以甲醇和乙醇为溶剂制备的稀土La基气凝胶都具有纳米多孔材料的典型特征,由大量nm量级的球形和长条形颗粒胶连而成,孔洞结构丰富。以乙醇为溶剂制备的稀土La基气凝胶的网络骨架更纤细,孔洞更大,比表面积达到220 m2·g-1,密度约为160 mg·cm-3,但力学性能较差。而以甲醇为溶剂制备的稀土La基气凝胶的网络骨架更强壮,孔洞更小,比表面积达到95 m2·g-1,密度约为350 mg·cm-3,力学性能较好。样品性能上的差异可能是由甲醇的极性比乙醇的极性强引起的。
Abstract
La-based aerogels were synthesized by using LaCl3·7H2O as precursor, methanol and ethanol as solvents, via sol-gel process. The microstructure, components, specific surface area, pore diameter distribution and mechanical properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, adsorption/desorption analysis and mechanical property tester, respectively. The results reveals that La-based aerogels derived from methanol and ethanol have a three-dimension network that consist of interconnected bead-like particles with diameters varying from several tens to hundreds nanometer. Comparing to the aerogel (specific surface area: 95 m2·g-1, density:~ 350 mg·cm-3) derived from methanol, the aerogel (specific surface area: 220 m2·g-1, density:~ 160 mg·cm-3) derived from ethanol possesses better pore morphology and worse mechanical property. The different properties of the La-based aerogels can be attributed to the stronger polarity of methanol.

朱秀榕, 周斌, 杜艾, 余意, 苑举君, 余华军, 张宪科. 溶剂对块体La基气凝胶性能的影响[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2015, 27(11): 112011. Zhu Xiurong, Zhou Bin, Du Ai, Yu Yi, Yuan Jvjun, Yu Huajun, Zhang Xianke. Influence of solvents on the properties of monolithic La-based aerogels[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2015, 27(11): 112011.

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