利用ANSYS 有限元软件对激光沉积过程中SiCp/Cu 梯度涂层的残余应力进行数值模拟。建立该梯度涂层的有限元分析模型，探讨梯度分布因子和涂层单层层厚对SiCp/Cu 梯度涂层残余应力的影响。结果表明: 较大的残余应力主要分布在梯度涂层与基体的界面边缘位置；当梯度涂层层数为4，梯度分布因子为1，单层厚度为0.6 mm 时，SiCp/Cu 梯度涂层有较好的残余应力缓和效果。根据优化结果采用激光沉积法制备的SiCp/Cu 不同梯度层之间界面较为清晰，结合良好；与均质涂层相比，其硬度和耐磨性分别提高了23.2%和5.2%。

The residual stresses of SiCp/Cu gradient coating by laser deposited are simulated using finite element software ANSYS. The finite element analysis model of the gradient coating is established. The residual stresses of SiCp/Cu gradient coating are discussed based on the gradient distribution factor and the single layer thickness. The results show that the larger residual stresses are mainly distributed on the interface edge between the gradient coating and substrate. When the layer number is 4, the gradient distribution factor is 1, and the single layer thickness is 0.6 mm, the residual stress relaxation of SiCp/Cu gradient coating is excellent. SiCp/Cu gradient coating with clear interfaces and excellent combination between the different gradient layers is prepared by laser deposited based on the optimization results. Compared with the homogeneous coating, the hardness and wear resistance are increased by 23.2% and 5.2%, respectively.