Ince-Gaussian 模式是继Hermite-Gaussian 和Laguerre-Gaussian 模式之后的第3 类近轴波动方程的完整解系，其横模图形多样，且螺旋Ince-Gaussian 模式存在分离的涡旋结构并携带轨道角动量，这些特点使其在微粒操控、生物医学、光学通信等领域有广阔的应用前景，因而受到广泛的关注。基于此，阐述了Ince-Gaussian 模式的理论基础，详细介绍了其产生的方法及相应的优缺点，指出今后实现高效Ince-Gaussian 模式激光输出的研究方向。

Ince-Gaussian modes are the third complete family of exact and orthogonal solutions of the paraxial wave equation following the Hermite-Gaussian and Laguerre-Gaussian modes. Its transverse mode pattern is diversiform, and the helical Ince-Gaussian modes exist separate spiral vortex structures and carry orbital angular momentum, which makes Ince-Gaussian modes have broad prospects in the fields of particle manipulation, biomedical, optical communications and so on, and have attracted a great deal of interests. The theory of Ince- Gaussian beam is presented in the paper, the methods of generation of Ince- Gaussian mode laser are addressed, and the future development of high efficient Ince-Gaussian mode laser is disscussed.