为了对粒径探测器的测量不确定度进行校准, 基于衍射原理方法, 研制了一套小孔圆盘校准装置。该方法对米氏散射与夫琅禾费衍射的功率进行计算和模拟, 得到了衍射针孔孔径与气溶胶粒径转换的关系。通过该转换关系, 计算得到校准装置的参量, 并进行了理论分析和实验验证。通过实验将标准粒子的测量不确定度传递给云粒子粒径探测器, 再通过旋转针孔圆盘进行实验, 将测量不确定度传递给校准装置。取得了该校准装置的校准实验数据, 验证了理论分析的正确性。结果表明, 该校准装置效率高、校准方案的可行性好、校准范围大、测量离散性好、重复性高。这一结果对粒径探测器的校准技术研究是有帮助的。

For the purpose of calibration of a forward-scattering spectrometer probe (FSSP), a pinhole-disc calibration apparatus was designed based on diffraction technology. After calculation and simulation of Mie scattering and Fraunhofer diffraction power, the conversion relationships between the pinhole diameter and aerosol particle size were gotten. Parameters of calibration apparatus were gained after calculation based on the conversion relationship. After theoretical analysis and experimental verification, measurement uncertainty of standard particles was delivered to cloud particle spectrometer probe. And then, after the experiment of rotating pinhole disc, measurement uncertainty was passed to the calibration apparatus. Experimental results of calibration apparatus verified theoretical analysis. The results show that calibration apparatus has feasible calibration scheme with high efficiency, large calibration range, good measurement discrete uniformity and good repeatability. The study is helpful for calibration technology of spectrometer probes.赵琦|zhaoqi2156@163.com