光伏照明系统中作为能量来源的太阳能电池板，其输出特性关系到能量转换效率的衡量以及最大功率跟踪精确性的判断。精确模拟了电池板的等效电路，并通过在Matlab/Simulink中建立其模型，得出电池板输出功率会随着电压的不断增大，先增大再减小；而且随着光照强度的增强而增大和温度的升高而减小。此外，通过对电池板模型进行改善，得出电池板最大功率处所对应的电压值会随着并联电池板的数量增加而减小，但当并联电池板数量超过3时输出曲线就基本保持不变；最大功率峰值会随着串联电池板数量的增加先增大，当串联电池板数量超过一定值时最大功率值开始保持不变。这为光伏照明系统的建立提供良好的理论支持。

The solar panel is power source in the photovoltaic lighting system, and the output characteristic is a significant factor as assessing energy transformation and maximum power point tracking(MPPT)efficiency. In this paper, the module of the solar panel was built by using Matlab/Simulink, and the equivalent circuit of solar panel was also been simulated accurately. On one hand, the output power firstly increased if the voltage grew, and then decreased if the voltage continually grew. On the other hand, the output power could increase when the temperature decreased or when the intensity of illumination increased. In addition, the voltage at the maximum power would decrease if the number of the paralleled solar panels increased, but the tendency would keep the same when the number of the solar panel was bigger than 3. And the maximum output power would increase with the number of the series’ panels increasing. However, the maximum output power would remain unchanged when the number of the panels was more than a certain quantity. This present work can provide theoretical support for building the photovoltaic lighting system.