采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)技术结合化学计量学分析技术对采自云南南部的四种特色蜂蜜中的23种矿物元素进行了分析。 结果表明: ICP-MS技术测定蜂蜜中多种矿物元素含量的稳定性、 精确度较好, 回收率较高; 23种矿物元素中有21种元素(Na, Mg, K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Cd, Sb, Ba, Tl, Pb)在不同蜂蜜品种间存在显著差异; 主成分分析结果显示, 前4个主成分的累积方差贡献率达到77.74%, 第一主成分中的Mg, Ca, Mn, Co, Sr, Cd, Ba 七种元素包含大部分蜂蜜信息; 通过逐步判别分析, Mg, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Sr, Pb共七种元素被筛选出来并用于建立判别函数模型, 对所建模型进行回代检验和交叉检验, 正确判别率分别为90%和86.7%, 表明多元素指标对云南南部四种特色蜂蜜植物源的判别效果较好。 鉴于所采蜂蜜样品都来自云南南部, 气候和土壤等环境条件类似, 四种蜂蜜中矿质元素的差异主要与对应的蜜源植物有关, 因此, 利用矿质元素差异鉴别蜂蜜植物源具有可行性。

By adopting inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) combined with chemometric analysis technology, 23 kinds of minerals in four kinds of characteristic honey derived from Yunnan province were analyzed. The result showed that 21 kinds of mineral elements, namely Na, Mg, K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Cd, Sb, Ba, Tl and Pb, have significant differences among different varieties of honey. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the first four main components reached 77.74%, seven kinds of elements (Mg, Ca, Mn, Co, Sr, Cd, Ba) from the first main component contained most of the honey information. Through the stepwise discriminant analysis, seven kinds of elements (Mg, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Sr, Pb) were filtered out and used to establish the discriminant function model, and the correct classification rates of the proposed model reached 90% and 86.7%, respectively, which showed elements contents could be effectively indicators to discriminate the four kinds characteristic honey in southern Yunnan Province. In view of all the honey samples were harvested from apiaries located at south Yunnan Province where have similar climate, soil and other environment conditions, the differences of the mineral elements contents for the honey samples mainly due to their corresponding nectariferous plant. Therefore, it is feasible to identify honey botanical source through the differences of mineral elements.