在大型精密工件的制造现场，内孔直径在机测量任务极为普遍，而已有测量方法存在诸多不便。介绍了一种单激光旋转测量法，在两条虚轴-回转轴线和激光中心线的位置关系不确定的条件下，研究回转轴线上固定点和被测点的距离极限值同传感器的数值极限值之间的关系，提出了一种适用任意曲面极限被测点的搜索模型。依据该模型，搜索内孔直径方向上的端点，并基于比较测量法，实现圆孔等规则内孔的几何尺寸测量。实验验证了该方法的有效性。该测量模型仅需一个可旋转的主轴，无需编码器等其他辅助测量部件，易于在加工现场实施内孔直径的测量，对推进大型工件上内孔的加工测量一体化进程具有实用意义。

The hole inner diameter measurement for large precise workpieces is very common on site, and the current measurement methods are inconvenient. A single laser rotation measurement method is presented. Through the analysis of limit distance between a fixed point of the rotary axis and the measuring points with a sensor’s value, a searching model with limiting point can be set up for any surface. The operation method is suitable for measuring workpiece on machine. The hole diameter can be measured by searching the end points in the direction of diameter on the basis of the model and with the comparative measurement combined. The model can be implemented easily because it just needs a rotating spindle without any encoders or other auxiliary parts. The experimental results show that the method is valid. It is of great significance in the integration of machining and measurement for the hole on large workpieces.