掌握背景在椭圆轨道红外监视平台成像特性是开展红外图像数据处理的基础。首先，构建了椭圆轨道红外监视平台的几何投影模型和信号传递模型，给出了红外传感器的成像模型；其次，分析了平台姿态、背景本体相对运动、卫星轨道等因素对背景成像特性的影响，并推导给出了相关数学影响模型；最后，通过仿真试验验证了数学推导模型的正确性，并给出了背景成像特性的综合仿真结果。分析结果表明：椭圆轨道红外监视平台探测图像中，背景呈现出了新特性，对红外图像数据处理提出了新要求。

The imaging characteristic of background in elliptical orbit infrared platform is the basis of infrared image data processing. Firstly, the geometric projection model and signal transfer model of elliptical orbit infrared platform were established, and the imaging model of infrared sensor was given. Secondly, the effect of platform attitude, relative movement of background ontology and orbit on imaging characteristic of background were analyzed and the mathematical influence model was deducted. Finally, simulation experiments verified the correctness of the model, and the synthetic simulation results of imaging characteristics of background were given. The analysis results show that new features of background are presented in the detect image of infrared surveillance platform running on the elliptical orbit, and new requirements for infrared imaging data process are requested.