为了考察大气颗粒物近前向光散射特性及其在粉尘质量浓度测量中的应用，建立了大气颗粒物近前向散射光测量实验装置，通过单分散和多分散颗粒物样本的实验测量和基于米散射理论的颗粒物光散射计算，得到颗粒物近前向散射光强度与粒径及分布宽度的关系，结果表明该装置可用于测量环境大气气溶胶质量浓度。通过已知参数的单分散气溶胶样品测量，借助米散射理论计算，可以获得较为准确的响应度数值，并估计测量实际大气颗粒物的误差范围。采用亚利桑那超细标准粉尘进行质量浓度定标，测量城区自然环境颗粒物的粉尘质量浓度，需要约2.5倍的修正。

A near forward light scattering experimental apparatus is designed to investigate the light scattering properties of airborne particles and its applications in measurement of dust mass concentration. By experimental measurement and the Mie scattering theory for both monodisperse and polydisperse particulate matter samples, the relationships between near forward light scattering intensity and particle diameter, size distribution are obtained. The results demonstrate that the experimental apparatus can be used to measure the aerosol mass concentration of airborne particles in ambient air. More accurate responsivity can be obtained through experimental measurement and the Mie scattering theory for known monodisperse aerosol samples, and it is possible to estimate the error range in measurement of ambient air particles. If calibrated with the ultrafine Arizona road dust, the mass concentration readings of urban aerosols should be corrected by multiplying a factor of 2.5.