空间碎片对人类航天活动具有严重的威胁，需要对其进行测量和编目。随着空间探测技术的进步，碎片的测量精度不断提高，测站不断增加，需要进一步提高空间碎片的定轨及预报精度。本文利用 TerraSAR-X卫星的精密星历，模拟测站对空间碎片的光电测量，并基于相同精度的多站赤经、赤纬模拟数据，评估经验力补偿模型对空间碎片轨道及预报精度的影响。根据模拟数据计算结果，引入经验力模型可使约 50%的数据弧段计算的轨道及预报精度提升约 25%。

Space debris is posing a serious threat to human space activities and is needed to be measured and cataloged. With the development of space exploration technology, the measurement accuracy of debris is constantly improved, the measurement station is constantly increasing, and the accuracy of orbit determination and prediction of space debris is needed. By using the precise ephemeris of TerraSAR-X, we simulated photoelectric measurements of space debris, and evaluated effect of the empirical forces compensation model on the orbit and the prediction accuracy of space debris based on the same multi-stations’ simulation data of right ascension and declination. According to the orbital determination results by simulation data of right ascension and declination, the accuracy of about 50% data arcs increased about 25%.