理论上推导了光线通过任意方向偏振片和任意方向1/4波片的出射光强与全Stokes参量关系的表达式, 利用自然背景下的人造目标为对象开展全偏振检测实验, 并以目标与背景偏振度对比为主要指标, 研究了多方向情况下上述两种偏振器件影响全偏振检测的因素。研究表明下述三种情况方程组秩小于4导致全偏振检测无效: 固定1/4波片方向而改变偏振片方向;固定偏振片方向改变1/4波片方向, 且四组角度中两器件平行及垂直的关系同时出现; 偏振片与1/4波片有三组角度相同,第四组角度关系为平行或垂直。实验表明, 固定偏振片方向改变1/4波片方向, 探测结果与固定偏振片方向的取值有关; 采用偏振片与1/4波片三组方向相同, 第四组夹角45°的全偏振检测方式, 偏振度对比较高。

The relationship between output light intensity and the Stokes parameters is deduced theoretically. The full polarization imaging detection experiment is carried out with artificial target in natural background, and the contrast of polarization degree between target and background is analyzed. Research shows that the rank of equation group is less than 4, and the full polarization detection is invalid in the following three cases. (1) Quarter-wave plate fixed, only to change the direction of polarizer. (2) Parallel and vertical relations between quarter-wave plate and polarizer appear at the same time when the polarizer fixed. (3) Parallel and vertical relations between quarter-wave plate and polarizer appear at the same time when the three groups are the same and the fourth is different. Experiment shows that the detection results are related to the direction of the polarizer when changing the angle of quarter-wave plate only. When the polarizer and quarter-wave plate angle is 45 degrees, the average detection result is higher.