在光子晶体光纤（PCF）包层空气孔中填充磁流体，利用磁流体（MF）折射率可调节特性实现光子晶体光纤光学特性的调谐和传感。采用全矢量有限元法分析了填充MF对光子晶体光纤模式和损耗特性的影响，分析了结构参量对填充MF圆孔PCF损耗灵敏度的影响，比较了填充MF圆孔和椭圆孔PCF的损耗灵敏度特性，并对填充MF椭圆PCF的温度与磁场特性进行了研究。仿真结果表明，填充MF使光子晶体光纤模式有效折射率增大，模场面积增大，损耗增加；椭圆孔PCF中MF折射率改变引起的损耗灵敏度约为圆孔PCF的4倍；填充MF的椭圆空气孔PCF的温度和磁场灵敏度分别为-0.279 dB/℃、0.06 dB/Oe（1 Oe1000/4π A/m），为设计新型高灵敏度光纤传感器提供了参考。

Air hole in photonic crystal fiber(PCF) cladding is filled with magnetic fluid(MF). Tuning and sensing of PCF optical properties can be realized by using the refractive index tunable property of MF. The effects of filling MF on the mode and loss characteristics of PCF are analyzed with full vector finite element method. The influences of structural parameters on loss sensitivity of the circular hole PCF filled with MF are analyzed. The loss sensitivity characteristics of circular hole and elliptical hole PCFs filled with MF are compared, and the temperature and magnetic field characteristics of elliptical PCF filled with MF are investigated. Simulation results show that fiber mode effective refractive index, mode area and loss of PCF are increased by filling MF. The loss sensitivity caused by the change of MF refractive index in elliptical hole PCF is about 4 times of that of circular hole PCF. The temperature and magnetic sensitivities of elliptical air hole PCF filled with MF are -0.279 dB/℃ and 0.06 dB/Oe (1 Oe1000/4π A/m), respectively. It provides reference for the design of novel high sensitivity fiber.