量子密钥分发采用单光子作为信息载体，结合经典保密通信系统中的一次一密体制，可在理论上实现绝对安全的保密通信。采用拉格朗日乘数法对只选择一种算子的主动相位补偿攻击模型的量子误码率进行了系统分析，得到了量子误码率的分布规律。在此基础上，对结合多种算子进行测量的攻击模型进行了理论模拟，结果显示，在选择不同算子进行攻击时，附加误码率随着比特比值（最终量子密钥中比特0和比特1的比值）的变化而变化，在比特比值接近1的情况下，窃听所引入的附加误码率也不同，这对基于经典交互过程的实际安全性问题的研究有一定的参考价值。

Quantum key distribution, with single photon as information carrier, can theoretically provide an absolutely secure way for secret communication through the one time pad scheme of the classical security system. Through a comprehensive analysis with the Lagrange multiplier, the distribution of quantum bit error rate in the way of using only one operator in active phase compensation attack model is obtained. Based on this, the attack model measured by multiple operators is theoretically simulated. The result shows that when different operators are chosen to launch the attack, the relationship between the additional bit error rate and the bit ratio (the ratio of bit 0 and bit 1 in the final quantum key) varies, and the additional quantum bit error rate introduced by hacking is also different when the bit ratio is close to 1. This result has certain reference value to the practical security problems based on the classical mutual process.