针对大口径、离轴、非对称结构的空间光学遥感器主动热控功率最小分配的难题, 提出一种基于多目标遗传算法的功率优化方法。首先根据空间相机结构建立有限元模型。然后, 凭借设计者的经验, 根据相机结构特点及大致热分布规律, 初步划分热控区域, 规划设计变量和目标变量。之后, 将设计变量和目标变量代入多目标遗传算法求出Pareto最优解集。最后, 在最优解集中选出合适的功率分配代入到仿真模型中进行计算, 得到优化后的功率分配及温度场。对某离轴三反空间相机进行了功率优化和地面热平衡试验。经TMG仿真计算, 优化后整机波动范围在低温工况和高温工况分别降低了476%和357%, 并且总功耗降低了685%。经地面热平衡试验表明, 整机温度场温差控制在±05 ℃以内, 满足±2℃的指标要求。

As for active thermal control problem of minimum power allocation in space optical remote sensor with large diameter, off-axis, symmetric structure, a power optimization method based on multi objective genetic algorithm is proposed in this paper. First of all, according to the spatial structure of the camera a finite element model is created. The next, heat distribution is divided by the experience of the designer's depending on the camera structural characteristics. Design variables and target variables are selected. Then, we plug the design variables and target variables into the multiple objective genetic algorithm and Pareto sets are obtained. Finally, suitable power allocation is selected from the set of optimal solution and substituted into the simulation model. Then the optimization of power distribution and temperature field are obtained. In this paper an off-axis three mirrors space camera is optimized and tested. After optimization and TMG simulation, the total temperature difference is reduced by 476% under low temperature condition and 357% under high temperature condition. The result of the heat balance shows that the temperature field of the whole camera is controlled within ±05 ℃ or less, which is far less than the target requirements of ±2 ℃.