研究了小型编码器动态检测过程中由编码器与基准编码器轴系中心线不完全重合产生的偏角导入的安装误差, 以便提高编码器检测装置的准确性和可靠性。分析了安装误差对被检编码器检测精度的影响, 推导出了存在安装偏角时引入的安装误差公式及其控制范围公式。为了使编码器的动态检测能准确地反映编码器的实际精度, 给出了最大偏角值αmax及高度差Dmax的允许范围。使用现有21位检测装置对15位被检编码器进行了检测实验, 分别对安装良好、小偏角和大偏角情况下的测量结果和安装误差曲线进行了比较和分析。结果表明: 检测15位编码器时, 将安装偏角值控制在0.36°以下可满足动态精度检测要求。本文提出的误差公式及控制方法可以运用在不同类型、不同精度的编码器检测过程中, 对提高小型光电编码器动态检测的精度和可靠性很有意义。

The installation errors leaded by deflections from two axes of a measured encoder and a reference encoder were researched in the process of dynamic measurement to improve the accuracy and reliability of photoelectric encoders. The effect of installation errors on measurement accuracy of the measuring accuracy of the measured encoder was analyzed and the installation error formula and a error control range formula were derived. To reflect the actual measuring accuracy of the encoder by encoder dynamic measurement, the allowed ranges of the maximum deflection αmaz and the maximum height difference Dmax were given. The measurement experiments were performed based on a 21 bit reference encoder to measure 15 bit encoders, and measuring results and error curves were compared and analyzed under conditions of little, small, and severe deflections. Experimental results show that the installation deflection should be controlled lower than 0.36° for ensuring the measurement effectiveness of 15 bit encoders, The error formula and error control strategy proposed in this paper can be applied to different kinds of measurement systems with different accuracies and they have a great value to improve the accuracy and reliability of photoelectric encoder measurement.