距离选通超分辨率三维成像是一种新型非扫描三维成像技术,在水下成像、远距离侦察、自动导航等应用中具有重要意义。综述了距离选通超分辨率三维成像技术国内外研究进展,对于梯形距离选通超分辨率三维成像和三角形距离选通超分辨率三维成像从距离能量包络能量态、三维成像步长、信噪比、环境噪声敏感性、距离分辨率以及测距精度等角度进行了对比分析,介绍了距离选通超分辨率三维成像技术的最新研究进展,包括编码超分辨率三维成像、实时距离选通超分辨率三维成像、多脉冲延时积分超分辨率三维成像,并分析了在低对比度目标探测、识别、水下三维成像方面的应用情况,以及笔者实验室在距离选通超分辨率三维成像技术方面开展的研究工作。距离选通三维成像技术的发展趋势为获取更高的三维成像景深分辨率比,实现快速高分辨率三维成像。

Three dimensional super-resolution gated imaging(3D SRGI) is a novel scannerless 3D imaging technique, and has great potential in underwater imaging, remote surveillance and automatic navigation. The development of 3D SRGI was reviewed, and trapezoidal 3D SRGI and triangular 3D SRGI was compared from intensity states of range intensity profiles, 3D imaging step depth, signal-to-noise ratio, environmental noise sensitivity, range resolution, and range accuracy. For the improvement of 3D SRGI, advanced imaging methods were introduced including range-intensity coding imaging, real time 3D imaging and multi-pulse time delay integration imaging. Furthermore, the specific applications of 3D SRGI were summarized in low contrast target detection, target identification, and underwater 3D imaging. In addition, an overview on some recent 3D SRGI work was given in the Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The future development trends of three dimensional range-gated imaging are higher depth-to-range-resolution ratio and faster high-resolution 3D imaging.