提出一种基于高速相机双目立体视觉技术的大视场全场三维位移测量方法, 用来测量地震振动台实验过程中的位移变化。给出了一种鲁棒的标志点匹配算法, 基于VS2010开发环境, 研发了用于振动台实验三维全场位移测量系统, 设计了精度评估实验方案, 验证该方法在大幅面位移测量中的精度, 并利用该实验系统对高边坡模型振动台实验进行测量。结果表明: 在3 m×1.5 m视场范围, 静态位移测量误差优于0.4 mm, 动态位移测量误差优于0.5 mm, 可以满足振动台实验的要求; 该方法可以方便、直观地测量地震振动台实验中高边坡模型的位移场, 并且测量得到X、Y、Z 3个方向位移曲线以及总位移曲线过渡自然、数据合理, 是测量振动台实验全场位移变化的一种有效方法。

A large field 3D displacement measurement method based on binocular stereo vision technology was proposed to measure the displacement of the seismic shaking table experiment. First of all, a robust marking point stereo matching algorithm was proposed. Besides, based on the VS2010 development environment, the three-dimensional full field displacement measurement system was developed for seismic shaking table experiment. Finally, in order to verify the method’s accuracy in the experiment of large view, the accuracy evaluation experiment was designed. And the shaking table experiment of high slope model was measured by the developed experimental system. Experimental results show that the static displacement measurement error is less than 0.4 mm, the dynamic displacement measurement error is less than 0.5 mm, which can meet the requirements of shaking table experiment in the field of 3 m×1.5 m. Moreover the method proposed can be convenient and intuitive to measure the displacement field of the high slope model in earthquake shaking table experiment. And the X, Y, Z three direction displacement curves and the total displacement curve are reasonable. It is an effective method to measure the full field displacement of the seismic shaking table experiment.