选取1/72 龙鲨Ⅱ号核潜艇为研究对象，采用有限体积法建立外流域的三维计算模型，运用动参考系实现尾部螺旋桨高速旋转的仿真。基于该模型，评估下潜深度、航行速度、热尾流喷速、热尾流温度等因素对热尾流浮升扩散规律及海表温度特性的影响。研究表明：1）随着下潜深度和航行速度的增大，海表温度特性的后向延迟距离增大、海表温差减小；2）随着热尾流喷速和热尾流温度的增大，海表温度特性的后向延迟距离减小、海表温差增大；3）增大高温热尾流热容量或减小低温海水热容量均能促使海表温度特性趋于明显。本文结论可为某型号潜艇的红外探测与反演定位提供针对性的参考与借鉴。

1/72 LSⅡ nuclear submarine is selected as the research object, three-dimensional numerical model of external flow-field is established by using the finite volume method, and high-speed rotation of tail-propeller is simulated by motion frame. Based on the model, factors which affect the buoyancy diffusion law and ocean-surface temperature characteristic, such as diving depth, sailing velocity, and thermal wake velocity/temperature are evaluated. Research shows that 1) with the diving depth and sailing velocity increasing, backward delay distance increases and temperature difference decreases towards ocean-surface temperature characteristic; 2) with the thermal wake velocity/temperature increasing, backward delay distance decreases and temperature difference increases towards ocean-surface temperature characteristic; 3) increasing the heat capacity of high-temperature thermal wake or decreasing the heat capacity of low-temperate seawater makes the ocean-surface temperature characteristic more obvious. The conclusion could provide the targeted reference for infrared detection and inverse positioning of certain type submarine.