根据冰-水混合云中冰晶和水滴粒子的谱分布函数及消光因子, 得到冰-水混合云的冰水含量比例与量子卫星通信信道之间的衰减关系; 针对比特翻转信道和退极化信道, 分别建立冰水含量比例与信道容量、信道保真度之间的方程; 分析了冰水含量比例对信道建立速率的影响.仿真结果表明：当冰水含量比例分别为1∶2和1∶9时, 比特翻转信道、退极化信道的容量分别为0.65和0.92、0.59和0.95; 当信源字符的概率为0.9时, 比特翻转信道、退极化信道的保真度分别为0.60和0.83、0.89和0.95; 当传输距离为2 km, 纠缠粒子对保真度为0.8时, 信道建立速率分别为7.40 Hz和15.57 Hz.因此, 当量子卫星信号出现较大衰减时, 应根据冰-水混合云的冰水含量比例, 自适应调整量子卫星通信系统的各项参量, 以提高量子卫星通信的可靠性.

According to the spectral distribution function and the extinction factor of the ice crystal and the water droplet in the ice-water mixed clouds, the attenuation relationships between the ratio of ice and water and the channel of the quantum satellite communication were attained. For the bit flipping channels and the depolarizing channels, the equations between the ratio of ice and water and the channel capacity, and the channel average fidelity were established respectively. The effect of the ratio of ice and water in the ice-water mixed clouds on the quantum channel establishing rate was analyzed. The simulation results show that, when the ratio of ice and water in the ice-water mixed clouds is 1∶2 and 1∶9, for the bit flipping channel, the channel capacity is 0.65 and 0.92, and for the depolarizing channel that is 0.59 and 0.95 respectively. When the probability of the source character is 0.9, for the bit flipping channel, the channel average fidelity is 0.60 and 0.83, and for the depolarizing channel that is 0.89 and 0.95 respectively. When the transmission distance is 2 km, the fidelity of the entangled particle pair is 0.8, the quantum channel establishing rate is 7.40Hz and 15.57Hz respectively. Therefore, when the quantum satellite signs are appearing a greater attenuation, in order to improve the reliability of the quantum satellite communication, the parameters should be adjusted adaptively in light of the ratio of ice and water in the ice-water mixed clouds.