为了实现定距离、较大视场范围某低速点的快速方位角及高程测量要求, 采用点型光源、伽利略望远镜与柱面镜组合式长焦光学系统及双正交线阵CCD, 搭建了一种复合柱面镜长焦光学测量系统.该组合式长焦光学系统无一次成像面, 系统光学长度短, 系统前组为伽利略型望远镜型式, 接近无焦.在一定测量范围内, 选择合适的前组角放大倍率和前组口径等参量, 使得在不同位置的点所成线像均与双线阵CCD正交.有针对性地优化光学系统设计、选择合适的系统评价函数并对系统装调及测量原理进行准确度分析.结果表明, 该系统在测量距离为10 m, 视场范围1.5°×1.5°内时, 方位角测量误差在±2.5″以内, 且系统长度较短, 公差较宽松.该系统解决了光源合作目标尺寸严格受限的问题, 探测器尺寸较大且成本较低.

To achieve azimuth and height measurement of a slowly moving point in a certain distance and wide field of view, a combined long-focal-length cylindrical lens measurement system was built. A point shape reticle, a long-focal-length optical system formed by a Galileo telescope combined with cylindrical lens and two orthogonal linear array CCD were utilized. There isn’t a real middle image plane in the combined long-focal-length optical system with a relatively short optical length. The front part of the system is a Galileo telescope, and its focal power is approximate to 0. Within a measurement range, some parameters, such as the value of the angular magnification and diameter of the front part, should be properly selected, making the linear image from different field orthogonal to the two linear CCD. Through targeted lens system design optimization, proper selection of merit function, and tolerance analysis of the alignment and measurement principle, the acurracy of azimuth measurement of this system is less than ±2.5″, within field of view of 1.5°×1.5° , at the measurement distance of 10 m, additionally with relatiely small system length, and relatively loose tolerance. The proposed system can solve the problem of the limited size of light source cooperation target, making a low cost and large size photo-electronic detector.