为研究纳秒激光彩色打标的机理，采用波长1 064 nm、脉宽约200 ms的调Q激光打标机，靶材为304不锈钢板。通过大量工艺实验，将彩色样品通过SEM & EDS进行表面微结构和成分观察与分析，对比表面成功打出彩色的样本和基材的差异。最后通过热方程与ANSYS WORKBENCH进行理论和数值模拟，描述表面薄膜生成过程。理论与数值模拟研究结果表明，利用热作用可以无损地在不锈钢表面打出所需的彩色，不会对靶材表面光滑度等特性产生影响，仍保持有金属光泽。

To investigate the mechanisms of color marking based on nanosecond laser, this experiment use the laser marking machine with the wavelength of 1 064 nm and the pulse width of 200 ms. The material is 304 stainless steel. With a series of experiments, the sample compared with base material has been analyzed by microbeam analysis and energy spectrum quantitative analysis with SEM&EDS and At last, in order to describe the formation process of the oxidation film, the Biot-Fourier equation was used and the software ANSYS WORKBENCH was used for numerical simulation. The results show that the color can be induced by heating the material without damaging the surface and it still keep a metallic luster.