抛物方程是一种模拟电波传播特性的高效模型，但目前抛物方程模型在模拟电波传播时，主要考虑大气的折射效应而忽略了其吸收作用，然而太赫兹波的大气衰减较为严重。通过引入大气分子吸收的复折射率，实现了应用抛物方程模型计算太赫兹波的大气衰减。该模型考虑了大气压强、温度和水汽密度等气象参数随高度变化对大气衰减的影响，且能够针对不同地区和季节的气象条件对大气衰减进行计算，与真实环境更加符合。最后利用该模型仿真分析了0.14 THz波的传播特性，给出了传播损耗随距离和高度的变化，并与忽略大气衰减的结果进行了对比，结果表明抛物方程模型能同时体现太赫兹的大气吸收效应和多径传播效应。

Parabolic equation is an efficient model to simulate the characteristic of wave propagation. The atmospheric absorption is ignored by parabolic equation model in present; however, the atmospheric attenuation is an important limiting factor of terahertz(THz) communication. Based on the complex refractive index in atmosphere, the parabolic equation model for estimating atmospheric attenuation of THz wave is proposed. The model takes into account the effects of meteorological parameters variation with height and calculates the atmospheric attenuation in different seasons and regions, which matches with the actual environment. Finally, the model is applied to simulate the transmission characteristic of 0.14 THz wave. The propagation losses versus range and height are presented and compared with the results of ignoring atmospheric attenuation.