光谱学与光谱分析, 2016, 36 (3): 890, 网络出版: 2016-12-09  

不同溶解氧水平上覆水中DOM荧光特性及总氮含量评估

The Fluorescent Properties of Dissolved Organic Matter and Assessment of Total Nitrogen in Overlying Water with Different Dissolved Oxygen Conditions
张华 1,2王宽 1,2宋箭 1,2张勇 1,2黄明 1,2黄健 1,2朱菁 1,2黄珊 1,2王萌 1,2
作者单位
1 安徽建筑大学环境与能源工程学院, 安徽 合肥 230601
2 安徽建筑大学水污染控制与废水资源化安徽省重点实验室, 安徽 合肥 230601
摘要
采用荧光光谱技术研究不同溶解氧(DO)水平下二十埠河底泥上覆水中溶解性有机物(DOM)转化特性及类蛋白荧光强度与总氮浓度的关系。 三维荧光光谱显示: 上覆水中DOM主要由三种类蛋白物质(高激发波长类酪氨酸、 低激发波长类酪氨酸、 低激发波长类色氨酸)和两种类富里酸物质(紫外区类富里酸、 可见区类富里酸物质)组成, 类蛋白物质是上覆水中DOM的主要成分。 经过曝气后类蛋白荧光强度均存在明显降低, 其中低激发波长酪氨酸和低激发波长色氨酸相对于高激发波长酪氨酸更易被微生物降解。 而类富里酸荧光强度则均呈现增强趋势, 表明类富里酸物质属于难降解有机物。 上覆水中DOM荧光指数介于1.65~1.8之间, 表明上覆水体DOM既有陆源又有生物源但以生物源为主。 荧光指数随DO增加而增大, 说明随着DO增加微生物量及微生物活性逐渐增加, 微生物代谢功能增强, 使得上覆水中DOM的生物源成份加大。 在较高的溶解氧水平下, 即DO分别为2.5, 3.5和5.5 mg·L-1时, 高激发波长类酪氨酸峰A的荧光强度与上覆水中总氮浓度有良好的相关性, 相关系数(r2)分别为0.956, 0.946, 0.953, 说明可以通过三维荧光技术监测高激发波长类酪氨酸峰A的荧光强度而快速分析上覆水中总氮浓度, 为河道水体诊断、 治理及修复提供快速有效的技术参考和理论支持。
Abstract
This paper used excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (EEMs) to probe the fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the overlying water with different dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions, investigating the relationship between protein-like fluorescence intensity and total nitrogen concentration. The resulting fluorescence spectra revealed three protein-like components (high-excitation wavelength tyrosine, low-excitation wavelength tyrosine, low-excitation wavelength tryptophan) and two fulvic-like components (ultraviolet fulvic-like components, visible fulvic-like components) in the overlying water. Moreover, the protein-like components were dominant in the overlying water’s DOM. The fluorescence intensity of the protein-like components decreased significantly after aeration. Two of the protein-like components—the low-excitation wavelength tyrosine and the low-excitation wavelength tryptophan—were more susceptible to degradation by microorganisms within the degradable organic matter with respect to the high-excitation wavelength tyrosine. In contrast, the ultraviolet and visible fulvic-like fluorescence intensity increased along with increasing DO concentration, indicating that the fulvic-like components were part of the refractory organics. The fluorescence indices of the DOM in the overlying water were between 1.65~1.80, suggesting that the sources of the DOM were related to terrigenous sediments and microbial metabolic processes, with the primary source being the contribution from microbial metabolism. The fluorescence indices increased along with DO growth, which showed that microbial biomass and microbial activity gradually increased with increasing DO while microbial metabolism also improved, which also increased the biogenic components in the overlying water. The fluorescence intensity of the high-excitation wavelength tyrosine peak A showed a good linear relationship with the total nitrogen concentration at higher DO concentrations of 2.5, 3.5, and 5.5 mg·L-1, with r2 being 0.956, 0.946, and 0.953, respectively. This study demonstrated that excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy can distinguish the transformation characteristics of the DOM and identify the linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity of the high-excitation wavelength tyrosine peak A and total nitrogen concentration, thus providing a quick and effective technique and theoretical support for river water monitoring and water restoration.

张华, 王宽, 宋箭, 张勇, 黄明, 黄健, 朱菁, 黄珊, 王萌. 不同溶解氧水平上覆水中DOM荧光特性及总氮含量评估[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2016, 36(3): 890. ZHANG Hua, WANG Kuan, SONG Jian, ZHANG Yong, HUANG Ming, HUANG Jian, ZHU Jing, HUANG Shan, WANG Meng. The Fluorescent Properties of Dissolved Organic Matter and Assessment of Total Nitrogen in Overlying Water with Different Dissolved Oxygen Conditions[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2016, 36(3): 890.

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