易损斑块是引起心肌梗塞的主要原因。准确诊断易损斑块可以帮助医护人员优化心血管疾病治疗方案，减小心肌梗塞致死率。血管内多模态成像技术通过结合两种或两种以上成像模态的优势，可以对动脉粥样硬化斑块进行定性定量分析，提高识别易损斑块的准确性。综述了目前国际上最先进的五种多模态血管内成像技术，详细介绍了血管内超声-光学相干层析、光学相干层析-荧光、光学相干层析-光谱仪、血管内光声-超声和光学相干层析-弹性多模态成像技术的发展过程和技术难点，并展望了未来研究趋势。

The majority of acute coronary events are caused by ruptures of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. Accurate identification of vulnerable plaques holds great promise in optimizing treatment plans and preventing cardiac deaths in future. However, clinically available imaging technologies are not sufficient to accurately diagnose vulnerable plaques. By the combined use of complementary imaging technologies, multimodality intravascular imaging technologies can image and quantify atherosclerotic plaques, and accurately identify vulnerable plaques. In this paper, we review the development process and the technical difficulty of multimodality intravascular imaging technologies, including intravascular ultrasound-optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography imaging-fluorescence, optical coherence tomography-spectrometer, intravascular photoacoustic-ultrasound and optical coherence tomography-optical coherence elastography multimodality imaging technologies. The paper will conclude with future directions of multimodality intravascular imaging technologies.