激光通信组网天线系统能量发射效率与接收效率的高低决定了其通信能力的强弱。针对这一问题, 提出了一种新型组网天线系统基本模型, 分析其能量发射效率与接收效率的算法并进行数学建模, 推导出了其能量发射效率与接收效率的计算公式, 深入讨论了能量发射效率和能量接收效率与旋转抛物面上下开口直径、焦距以及会聚透镜单元口径、焦距等光学结构参数的准确函数关系, 相关结论可应用于激光通信组网天线光学结构的设计与优化。最后以三颗低地球轨道(LEO)卫星在距离1000 km范围内、以高于2.5 Gb/s的速率进行组网通信为背景, 通过分析和计算得出满足通信条件的激光器最小发射功率、组网天线系统的发射效率随跟踪通信角度的变化曲线以及接收效率。

The communication ability of the laser communication networking antenna is determined by its transmitting and receiving efficiency. A new type of networking model of antenna system is proposed, and the algorithm of transmitting and receiving energy efficiency is analyzed through mathematical model. Based on this model, the equation of transmitting and receiving energy efficiency is derived. After that, the accurate functional relationships between the energy transmitting and receiving efficiency with optical structure parameters such as opening up and down diameters, focal length of rotating paraboloid, unit aperture and focal length of converging lens are discussed. These conclusions can be applied to the structure design and optimization of laser optical communication networking antenna. Finally, under the background of three (low earth orbit) LEO satellites within 1000 kilometers of networking communication system and the velocity up to 2.5 Gb/s, the minimum laser power that satisfies the communication situation, the curves reflecting the changes of transmitting efficiency with tracking communication angle, and the receiving efficiency of the networking antenna system are calculated and analyzed.