中阶梯光栅光谱仪凭借交叉色散特性实现全谱瞬态直读, 面阵探测器接收的二维光谱图像需要还原成一维谱图以提取有效波长。 由于二维谱图含有庞大的数据, 且有效信息仅占极小比例, 因此在谱图还原前进行背景去除能够减小数据量、 提高运算速度。 详细分析了中阶梯光栅光谱仪二维图像的特点, 并针对其特点提出了背景去除算法。 将图像边缘检测方法应用于弥散光斑的检测中, 选择合适的边缘检测算子与原始图像卷积得到边缘图像, 设置边缘图像的全局阈值对其进行二值分割, 最终利用二值边缘图像映射原始图像得到去除背景的二维谱图。 依据不同元素灯在不同积分时间下所拍摄的谱图, 对比不同边缘检测算法的背景去除效果, 分析了各算子对算法速度、 精度的影响。 实验结果表明本文提出的算法运算简单、 边缘图像阈值易于计算、 目标提取精度高, 处理后的图像可以与谱图还原算法有效对接, 谱图处理速度显著提升。

Echelle spectrometer gets full spectrum by transient direct reading because of the characteristic of cross-dispersion. The two-dimension spectra received by flat-plane detector needs to be reduced to one-dimension spectra so that the effective wavelength can be detected. Because of huge original data and few effective data, background removal plays an important role of decreasing the amount of data and improving data processing speed. The two-dimension spectrum of echelle spectrometer is analyzed and a suitable background removal algorithms is came up. The edge detection method is applied to diffuse spot detection. Selecting appropriate operator to convolute original image to get edge image and calculating global threshold to segment edge image which can be used to map original image to get the background removed image. Two-dimensional spectral images based on different elements at different integration time are used to judge the effect of different background removal algorithm and different operator are analyzed to figure out their effect of speed and accuracy for algorithm. Experimental result shows that the algorithm came up by this letter is better for image background removal than the others. The background removed image can be used in spectrum reductionand the speed of data processing is notable promoted.