为解决高功率微波源传输线内能量的测量, 研制了一种全吸收式液体高功率微波能量计。能量计采用乙醇、去离子水等混合液作为吸收液, 吸收液吸收微波后体积膨胀, 探测器内的液面升高, 通过控制系统得到液面升高引起的电压变化值, 从而得到被测能量的大小。该套能量计具有结构简单、测量准确度高等特点, 经过实验, 测得能量计端口的电压反射系数小于-20 dB, 具有较好的匹配性, 能够开展10~600 J能量的测量, 5次测量结果标准偏差优于3%, 可满足高功率微波源传输线内或空间辐射能量的测量。

To measure the energy within the transmission line of the high power microwave source, liquid absorption energy calorimeter with full absorption is developed. The mixture of ethanol and deionized water is used as absorbing liquid, the liquid level of the detector rises when the microwave energy is absorbed, and it is detected by the control system as the voltage variation, thus the microwave energy is accurately measured. The structure of the energy calorimeter is simple and has high accuracy. Measurements show that the reflection coefficient of the energy calorimeter is less than -20 dB, the range of the energy calorimeter is 10-600 J, the standard deviation of the five measurements is less than 5%. It can meet the requirements of HPM source’s within the transmission line or space radiation energy measurements.