使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)和原子荧光光谱法(AFS)分别对内蒙古自治区兴和县180名农村育龄妇女头发中21种矿物元素(铝, 硼, 钡, 钙, 镉, 钴, 铬, 铜, 铁, 镁, 锰, 钼, 镍, 铅, 硒, 硅, 锡, 锶, 钛, 钒和锌)的含量及年龄、 生育史及饮食习惯等对其产生的影响进行了研究。 结果表明, 大多数矿物元素(硼, 镉, 铬, 钴, 铜, 铁, 镁, 锰, 钼, 镍, 铅, 硒, 硅, 锡, 锶, 钛, 钒和锌)含量从青年组(18～29岁)到老年组(40～45岁)依次减少, 而中年组(30～39岁)的钙, 镁, 锰、 铅的含量最低。 生育二胎的妇女钙, 镁, 锰, 钼, 镍, 铅, 锡, 锶和锌含量最低, 这可能与生育次数的增加有关, 相关性分析证实钙, 铅和锡与生育史有显著性相关。 此外, 饮食习惯也会影响头发中矿物质元素的含量。 经常食用酸菜会导致锌, 铁, 铜, 锰, 锶含量水平较低, 但钼, 铅和硒含量水平较高。 而且, 锌和硒含量随肉类摄入频率增加而增加。 规律性摄入蔬菜会增加硅的含量。 同时, 经常食用水果会增加锰, 镍和钛的含量水平。 因此, 该研究为解决不均衡饮食习惯盛行的农村地区生育和妇女健康提供基础数据和有用的信息。

The distribution and influencing factors on age, reproductive history and dietary habits in scalp hair of rural childbearing female in the county of XingHe, Inner Mongolia of China were studied. 21 mineral elements including essential and toxic elements (Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, V and Zn ) in scalp hair samples from 180 females of childbearing age were measured with inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), respectively. The results demonstrated that the content of the most mineral elements (B, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, V and Zn) existed in a descending order in the hair of young age group (18～29 years) to the elder age group (40～45 years), while elements of Ca, Mg, Mn and Pb were found to have the lowest content in the middle age group (30～39 years). Women having two children were more likely to have the lowest content of Ca, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, Sr and Zn due to the increased numbers of pregnancies, the statistically correlations had been proved among Ca, Pb and Sn. In addition, dietary habits also can affect the level of the mineral elements in hair, for example, consuming suancai food frequently can cause lower level of Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Sr, Mo and Pb, but higher Se, the frequent intake of meat resulted in increased content of Zn and Se. The individuals that declared intaking vegetables regularly had more Si in their hair. Also, daily intake of fruit leads to higher level of Mn, Ni and Ti. This study will provide basic and useful information when addressing reproductive and women health challenges in the rural areas where poor dietary habits are prevailing.